Title: 🌐3.6. The Use of the Internet of Things (IoT) to Perpetrate Gender-Based Violence
Course: "Our networks, our security" Digital Security with a Gender Perspective > Section: Module 3. Identifying Common Threats: Online Gender-Based Violence against Women and Girls

The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to anetwork of smart devices connected to the Internet that can share data and communicate with each other, such as televisions, watches, refrigerators, thermostats, cameras, smart locks, or vehicles.

These IoT devices are 'smart' because they are internet-enabled and can collect and analyze data, communicate with each other, and perform tasks autonomously without human intervention. For example, through the IoT, you can control a home security system from an app installed on a mobile phone or through voice commands directed at virtual assistants, or remotely activate or deactivate cameras or lighting systems.

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Source: UCL, Gender and IOT Project, How Internet-Connected Devices Can Affect Victims of Gender-Based Domestic and Sexual Violence and Abuse.

Available at: https://www.ucl.ac.uk/computer-science/sites/computer_science/files/gender-iot-tech-abuse.pdf

IoT Security and Privacy: Why It Matters

The IoT has brought many benefits by facilitating practical aspects of daily life. However, it can also pose risks to individuals' privacy and security, when it is assumed that all users trust one another. As more devices connect to the internet, keeping them secure is essential. Many IoT devices collect personal data and can be vulnerable to cyberattacks if not properly protected. For example, a hacker could remotely control a security camera to record intimate or videos without consent directly inside the victim’s home. In cases of domestic violence, an aggressor could use IoT devices to monitor a victim or prevent them from unlocking their home.

To reduce these risks, we can use security measures like encryption, access controls, and intrusion detection systems. These help protect both the devices and the data they generate, ensuring a safer and more private digital experience.

For example, in cases of domestic violence, an abuser might use IoT devices to monitor a victim or prevent them from unlocking their home. Alternatively, a hacker could remotely control a security camera to record intimate images or videos, without consent, directly inside the victim’s home.

IoT Can Facilitate Forms of Online Violence, Such as:

Cyberbullying

Coercive and controlling behaviors, including threats of harm or abuse to intimidate a victim. For example, denying control of heating, lighting, or locks in the home.

Digital Gaslighting

A form of psychological abuse carried out by manipulating the victim's reality, aiming to make them question their sanity, memory, or perception.